Overview
Français
ABSTRACT
Heat exchangers are the interfaces between the refrigerant fluid and external environments; their role is thus essential in refrigerating machines. They also present a variety of forms, sizes and applications. Over the last few decades, heat exchangers have seen significant technological advances which were particularly initiated by the creation of new refrigerants with specific characteristics, the technical improvement of heat exchanges and the development of new types of tubes and complex blades. At present, there are even certain types of software that can carry out the difficult calculations in order to facilitate and optimize the choice of exchangers.
Read this article from a comprehensive knowledge base, updated and supplemented with articles reviewed by scientific committees.
Read the articleAUTHOR
-
Georges VRINAT: Engineer from the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers and the Institut français du froid industriel - Member of the French Refrigeration Association – Expert frigoriste
INTRODUCTION
Heat exchangers play an essential role in refrigeration machines, where they form the interface between the refrigerant and the external environment. As such, their diversity of shapes, sizes and applications is quite remarkable, and their economic weight is significant.
In recent years, as was the case for compressors, their evolution has been accelerated by :
the emergence of new refrigerants with specific characteristics, such as HFC hydrofluorocarbons with temperature shifts or high saturation pressures, and also the return of carbon dioxide;
in-depth studies by research laboratories on improving heat exchange during refrigerant boiling and condensation;
the development by heat exchanger manufacturers of new tube profiles and complex fins;
the need for refrigerant containment, and as a corollary, the reduction of loads;
the reduction in volumes and costs imposed by the distribution and air-conditioning markets.
Today, we are faced with new techniques for defining heat exchangers, most often using selection software that spares project engineers the trouble of making more or less tedious calculations.
For further details, please refer to the "Heat exchangers" folder
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
This article is included in
Industrial cooling
This offer includes:
Knowledge Base
Updated and enriched with articles validated by our scientific committees
Services
A set of exclusive tools to complement the resources
Practical Path
Operational and didactic, to guarantee the acquisition of transversal skills
Doc & Quiz
Interactive articles with quizzes, for constructive reading
Industrial refrigeration machines
General features
Statistical and economic data
All these data were supplied by UNICLIMA.
Air conditioning – Refrigeration
In 2007, UNICLIMA companies saw their business grow by +5.7% compared to 2006. Business is therefore growing strongly on both the domestic and export markets.
As a result, and in contrast to previous years, the industry's growth rate is very close to the average for the mechanical...
Also in our database
Bibliography
Software tools (non-exhaustive list)
Thermodynamic properties of PYC refrigerants IIF Books
CDRom 2002
ClRCUlFRlGO calculation and simulation of a refrigeration plant
PYC Books JC. Concept 2004
Thermofluid Dehon
Solkane Solvay
Autospeed Logiciel de dessin sous autocad, PYC Livres, LHEUREUX...
Event
Colloques AFCE du 9 octobre 2008. Refrigerant regulation. The end of R22 and low GWP fluids. Next symposium: 15/10/2009
Standards and norms
ISO international standards
- Systèmes frigorifiques mécaniques utilisés pour le refroidissement et le chauffage. Prescriptions de sécurité - ISO 5149 -
- Compresseurs pour fluides frigorigènes. Présentation des performances - ISO 9309 -
- Sécurité et exigences environnementales des systèmes de réfrigération - TC 86/SC 1 -
- Termes et définitions - TC 86/SC 2 -
- Essais et point nominal...
Regulations
Pressure equipment regulations
In the past, it was defined by a decree of 1943, subsequently revised in 1960. As part of the harmonization of technical regulations, the European Union has issued a Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) (no. 97/23), which becomes the only rule in force in each member state; for France, the transcription is the subject of a decree and order no. 99-1046 of 13/12/1999.
...
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
Hamon http://www.hamon.com
Heatcraft http://www.heatcrafteurope.com
Jacir http://www.cofinair.fr
...
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
