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ABSTRACT
Heat pump requires a good understanding of the technological components as well as the need to be satisfied in order to be correctly dimensioned and thus optimize its energy consumption. This article focuses on the residential sector (heating and/or domestic hot water). After a brief presentation of the theory, the technological components are described. The dimensioning of the heat pump is then presented, taking into account whether or notofan auxiliary energy unit. Finally, installation rules are proposed, highlighting the advantages and drawbacks of existing solutions.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Marie-France TERRIER: Clauger, Brignais Skills Center
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Brice TRÉMÉAC: Laboratoire du froid, des systèmes énergétiques et thermiques (Lafset), CNAM, HESAM Université Paris
INTRODUCTION
A tried-and-tested system for many years, the heat pump nevertheless requires a good understanding of the technological components as well as the need to be met, in order to correctly size the complete energy system and reduce its energy consumption (over a heating period, a year, etc.). This article deals with residential heat pumps for heating and/or domestic hot water. A heat pump is a thermodynamic system operating between two temperature sources, whose vectors can be of different kinds: water, air or ground. After a presentation of the operating principle, the different sources are described. The choice of source has an impact on the technological choices (including the working fluid) for the compressor, exchangers and expansion valve in particular, and therefore on the performance of the complete system. In addition to these basic components, the use of a hot water storage tank can, in some cases, reduce energy consumption. This article looks at the different ways in which hot water storage can be used. The sizing of the heat pump is then presented, taking into account the presence or absence of an energy back-up. Finally, installation rules are proposed, highlighting the advantages and constraints of existing solutions.
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KEYWORDS
heating | domestic hot water | sorption PAC | mechanical vapour compression PAC
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Heat pumps: technologies and residential applications
General
Bibliography
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Heating systems in buildings –Design of water heating systems - NF EN 12828+A1 - 05-14
- Building energy performance –Method for calculating nominal thermal load – Part 1: Space heating load, module M3-3 – Water heating and cooling systems for buildings – Basic heat loss calculation method – Part 1: thermal load of the - NF EN 12831-1 - 07-17
- Climatiseurs, groupes refroidisseurs de liquide et pompes à chaleur...
Regulations
Article R214-32 du code de l'environnement : Water law
Article R571-96 of the Environment Code: Noise constituting neighborhood disturbances
Decree no. 2020-912 on the inspection and maintenance of boilers, heating systems and air-conditioning systems
Décret n° 2000-44 du 13 janvier 2000 portant... (consolidated version as of October 5, 2007) JO n°...
Directory
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Aeur https://www.auer.fr
Amzair https://www.amzair.eu
Atlantic https://www.atlantic.fr
...
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