Overview
FrançaisABSTRACT
The production of energy consists in converting a particular form of energy into an electric current. The Li-ion battery belongs to devises the function of which is to recover the energy produced by an electrochemical reaction in order to transform it. So as to improve the performances of lithium batteries which have to meet an increasing number of requirements (autonomy, lifetime, safety) the fundamental aspects of these devises must be reconsidered. The objective of this article, after providing a detailed presentation of the Li-ion batteries, is to deal with chemical bond concepts. These concepts can allow for improving the device and lead to the development of materials which are different from those currently in use and considered as promising to date.
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Marie-Liesse DOUBLET: CNRS Research Fellow, University of Montpellier 2
INTRODUCTION
Although lithium-ion (Li-ion) technology plays a key role in the portable electronics market, it must meet ever-increasing demands in terms of autonomy, lifespan, safety and miniaturization. To improve the performance of lithium batteries, technological breakthroughs are needed. This means reconsidering the fundamental aspects of how these electronic devices work.
Quantum chemical methods can provide invaluable assistance in understanding the microscopic electronic phenomena behind energy production and storage. Thanks to the new concepts they propose for elucidating these mechanisms, they have already made it possible to develop materials capable of storing three to four times more energy than those currently on the market. Although they arrived very late in the energy field, these methods are now indispensable in the world of lithium batteries, as demonstrated by the growing number of theoretical studies published in the literature since 2000.
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