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ABSTRACT
This article presents the approaches at the national, European (EURATOM) and international (IAEA) levels devoted to protection against the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in the nuclear field. It outlines the contextual and historical setting, and describes the structures and organizations operating at each level. Definitions to understand the different topics are given along with the principles and rationale behind the non-proliferation approach.
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Jean JALOUNEIX: Former consultant and senior safety expert - Defense, Security and Nonproliferation Division Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
INTRODUCTION
The fight against the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction is a major issue for our society. To this end, treaties have been signed at international level (the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT) and at European level (the EURATOM Treaty) to ensure the peaceful use of nuclear materials. The implementation of these treaties is accompanied by provisions for verifying the proper use and non-diversion of these materials for military purposes, known as the safeguards regime. Two organizations exercise safeguards in France: the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) (international safeguards) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) (regional safeguards). These controls are part of the process of verifying France's compliance with its non-proliferation commitments to the international community.
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KEYWORDS
nuclear materials | non-proliferation | safeguards | non-proliferation treaty
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Nuclear non-proliferation
Background information
Bibliography
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Websites
Légifrance: public service providing access to French law via the Internet https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr
International Atomic Energy Agency (Agence internationale de l'énergie atomique) https://www.iaea.org
Institute for Radiation Protection...
Regulations
Law no. 2016-113 of February 5, 2016 implementing the additional protocol to the agreement between France, the European Atomic Energy Community and the International Atomic Energy Agency on the application of safeguards in France, signed in Vienna on September 22, 1998.
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