Article | REF: BN3015 V1

Neutronics basics - Reactor physics and calculations

Author: Paul REUSS

Publication date: January 10, 2006

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ABSTRACT

 

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AUTHOR

  • Paul REUSS: Professor at the Institut national des sciences et techniques nucléaires, French Atomic Energy Commission

 INTRODUCTION

This document is the continuation of the "Bases de neutronique. Neutron migration".

In dossier BN 3014, we presented the physical aspects of how neutrons travel through matter. This path follows the seven variables of the Boltzmann equation: the three space variables (diffusion), the three velocity components (slowing down, thermalization) and time (kinetics).

In this paper, the effects of neutron reactions on reactor operation will be examined, and neutron calculation methods will be explained.

Notations and symbols

Neutron scientists have not – to our great regret – made the effort to adopt the international system of units. In particular, all dimensions are expressed in centimetres. Consequently :

  • macroscopic cross sections are expressed in cm -1 ;

  • neutron densities in neutrons per cm 3 ;

  • neutron fluxes in neutrons per cm 2 per second.

However, microscopic cross sections are expressed in the usual unit of nuclear physics, the barn (1 b = 10 -24 cm 2 = 10 -28 m ...

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