6. Glossary – Definitions

LASER; LASER

Acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. A device that produces radiation that is spatially (point source, non-divergent) and temporally (same wavelength) coherent, and therefore of high spectral purity.

Cryogenics; cryogeny

The study of low temperatures, below – 150°C. The limit of – 153.15°C represents the limit above which air gases liquefy.

Residual stress

Residual stress field in a part subjected to no external load (thermal or mechanical). Residual stresses are self-balancing static multiaxial stresses.

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Bibliography

(1) - LIST (G.), SUTTER (G.), BOUTHICHE (A.) - Cutting temperature prediction in high speed machining by numerical modelling of chip formation and its dependence with crater wear. - International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 54-55(0), p. 1-9 (2012).
(2)...

Standards and norms

Essais de durée de vie des outils de tournage à partie activé unique - ISO 3685 - 1993
Laser safety – Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements - EN 60825-1 - 2014
Safe use of lasers - AINSI Z136.1-2014 - 2014

Regulations

Code du travail – Article R4452-1 to R4452-31 modified by Decree no. 2010-750 of July 2, 2010 on the protection of workers against the risks arising from artificial optical radiation. JORF n° 0153 du 4 juillet 2010 page 12149 texte n° 11.