5. Membrane characterization and control techniques

The transport properties and performance of porous membranes are directly linked to their surface properties and the characteristics of their pore structure. The physico-chemical properties of the membrane surface (fillers, chemical composition, etc.) can play a role in transport mechanisms and can influence interactions between different types of molecules at the membrane surface. However, the characteristic parameters of the porous structure (including defects, if any) have a strong impact on membrane performance and therefore need to be measured and controlled, more or less precisely depending on the targeted application.

Knowledge of membrane characteristics is essential for users, manufacturers and scientists in order to choose the right membrane for a specific application (transport mechanism and performance), adjust synthesis process parameters and monitor...