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4. Conclusion
The development of biotechnological processes using micro-organisms or their enzymes for the production of natural flavors presents a real challenge for the industry. Elucidation of the biosynthetic pathways and mechanisms involved in microbial production of these flavors (cf. ) may enable metabolism to be directed towards synthesis of the desired molecule, as in the case of vanillin production by filamentous fungi. This could also enable the synthesis pathways concerned to be overexpressed by genetic engineering. However, genetically modified organisms are currently very difficult to bring to market due to consumer apprehension and, what's more, they are now strictly regulated in the food sector. To increase their importance in the natural flavor industries, biotechnological processes involving filamentous fungi must be optimized to be competitive with traditional processes,...
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Further reading
Further information on vanillin production
Two patents concerning the production of vanillin not by filamentous fungi but by bacteria mention levels in excess of 10 g · L -1 . In both cases, the substrate for bioconversion is chemically synthesized ferulic acid: - Givaudan-Roure patent: MUHEIM (A.), MÜLLER (B.), MÜNCH (T.) and WETLI (M.). Process for the production of vanillin. European Patent...
Regulations
European Council Directive 88/388/EEC of June 22, 1988 on "the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to flavourings for use in foodstuffs and to source materials for their production". Official Journal of the European Communities No. L. 184 p. 61-66.
European Commission Directive 91/71/EEC of January 16, 1991 supplementing Directive 88/388/EEC on "the approximation of the laws of...
Flavor suppliers
Actif International Albert Daniel Alchim Aromatiques ALP Amcan Ingredients INT'L Argeville Aromatech Aromex Axxence BASF France BFA Laboratoires Bourgarel Brenntag Bush Boake Allen France Christian Hansen France Compagnie Alimentaire Danisco Ingredients France Ducros et Fils SA Eurovanille Fontarome Frey + Lau GmbH (Germany) Givaudan-Roure Dallant SA (Spain) Haarmann & Reimer SA Helm France International Flavors &...
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