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9. Glossary
Boil-over; Boil-over
A classic boil-over is a sudden foaming phenomenon involving atmospheric tanks, resulting from the transformation of liquid water contained in a burning tank into steam (water bed, free water, emulsion). This phenomenon is responsible for violent splashing of fuel, boiling of the tank contents, spreading of the flames and formation of a fireball.
Thin layer boil-over ; Boil-over en couche mince
The phenomenon of thin-film boil-over is similar to that of conventional boil-over, in that it leads to the sudden evaporation of a layer of water at the bottom of the tank. In thin-film boil-over, on the other hand, the product is consumed during the tank fire, without any distillation taking place; there is no heat wave formation. The cause of vaporization of the water layer is then the flame front itself,...
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Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Systèmes de protection par évent contre les explosions de gaz. - NF EN 14994 - Avril 2007
- Spécification pour la conception et la fabrication de réservoirs en acier, soudés, aériens, à fond plat, cylindriques, verticaux, construits sur site destinés au stockage des liquides à la température ambiante ou supérieure. - NF EN 14015 - Juin 2005
- Standard on explosion protection by deflagration venting. - NFPA 68...
Regulations
Arrêté ministériel du 29 septembre 2005 relatif à l'évaluation et à la prise en compte de la probabilité d'occurrence, de la cinétique, de l'intensité des effets et de la gravité des conséquences des accidents potentiels dans les études de dangers des installations classées soumise à autorisation. JO n° 234 du 7 octobre 2005, NOR : DEVP0540371A.
Circular of May 10, 2010 summarizing the methodological...
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