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Didier GONNEAU: Former Director of the BVT Technical Inspection Office
INTRODUCTION
Dangerous goods are materials liable to cause damage to people and property through direct contact, vapors, gases or radiation.
Dangerous goods packaging is governed by strict international and national regulations. First of all, we need to know the characteristics and hazards of the goods in order to define their packaging to limit the risks incurred during handling, transport and storage.
Dangerous goods are divided into classes, to identify the nature of the hazards, to which packing groups are assigned to assess the importance of the hazards.
Packaging and Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) are codified and tested by reference to the UN recommendations on which the various international and national regulations are based, depending on the mode of transport and safety measures.
These packages and large bulk containers must be marked and labelled to identify the goods contained, to identify any subsidiary risks, to assess any special hazards and to apply the rules of separation between packages and with the personnel involved. Labeling in compliance with occupational safety regulations must also include information on the nature of special hazards and the precautions to be taken where necessary.
The purpose of this article is to give general approaches to dangerous goods packaging based on these national and international regulations.
The various modes of transporting dangerous goods (air, land and sea) are covered in the Transport of Dangerous Goods article (cf.
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Hazardous materials packaging
Main regulatory texts
In Engineering Techniques
Standardization
Association Française de Normalisation AFNOR http://www.boutique.afnor.fr
- Exigences et méthodes d'essais pour emballages refermables (ISO 8317 - Avril 2003) - NF EN 28317 - janv. 1993
- Emballages à l'épreuve des enfants. Exigences et méthodes d'essai pour emballages non refermables pour les produits non pharmaceutiques....
Regulations
IMDG Code IMO International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code. Periodic updates.
ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. Doc 9284-AN/905.
ADR European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road.
RID UN Regulations concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail....
Organizations (non-exhaustive list)
International Maritime Organization IMO http://www.imo.org/index.htm
United Nations United Nations http://www.un.org/
Approved laboratories
Bureau de Vérifications Techniques (BVT)
All types of packaging and small containers. Aerosols, drop tests, leak tests, internal pressure tests, static compression tests, chemical compatibility tests, permeability tests, flash point tests for flammable liquids, professional training.
SNCF test center
The Center is authorized to test and inspect...
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