Overview
FrançaisABSTRACT
This article incorporates the concepts shared by the manufacturing industries and the process industries in which digital, energy and ecological transitions are profoundly changing the mode of operation and the relationship of man with work.
A change is inevitable to design a new management mode and manufacturing tools that are more integrated into the classical functions of the company, closer to the customers, accepted by the Society, responding to the concept of « Sustainable Development». The company's future depends on it.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Jean-Pierre DAL PONT: President of the "Société des Experts Chimistes de France
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Catherine AZZARO-PANTEL: University Professor - Chemical Engineering Laboratory, University of Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
INTRODUCTION
The digital, energy and ecological transitions are having a profound impact on industrial manufacturing and process companies in terms of their management methods, the design of their plants and workshops, and their relationship with society in general.
The "digital revolution" has been made possible by the power of computers, which doubles every 18 months according to Moore's Law. It is based on the excessive use of the Internet and a wide variety of sensors, and on the possibility of virtually instantaneous worldwide transfer of huge masses of data (Data), whether text, photos, maps, sounds, videos, etc., and of processing them using increasingly sophisticated algorithms.
Added to this is the unbridled competition resulting from globalization, the rise of China, the imbalances caused by disparities in labor costs, the availability of certain strategic raw materials (copper, lithium, rare earths, etc.), and the emergence of shale gas and oil, which in just a few years have put the United States on a par with Saudi Arabia in terms of oil production, after decades of dependence.
In the space of a few years, new terms have appeared: factory of the future, factory 4.0, e-factory, depending on the country, to take account of this new industrial revolution, the fourth, which most authors date from the 1990s. Business is once again recognized as a source of wealth, as Adam Smith advocated as early as 1776 in his book "The Wealth of Nations", and Technology as an economic weapon. It's time to produce! It's all about being "first on the market". Global competition is a must.
By neglecting its production facilities, France has "de-industrialized": forced to import, it has only widened its trade deficit. The COVID 19 pandemic revealed structural weaknesses, a lack of robustness due to dependence on other countries, particularly Asian ones. France is trying to win back its markets by supporting its research and start-ups, and investing in future investment plans (PIA). Jobs depend on it.
In order to survive, the company is forced to review its industrial strategy and all its functions:
Research and Innovation (R&I), which is increasingly replacing Research and Development (R&D): in what follows we will keep the usual term R&D ;
Project engineering ;
operations management, with operators freed from tedious tasks, who have become more observers and controllers of machines than actors;
its relationship with increasingly well-informed customers who want "sustainable" organic and natural products, and want to know where they come from, how they're...
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KEYWORDS
sustainable development | the plant of the future | Sustainable management | digitizing | Cyber security
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Industry of the future
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The company of the future and the digital, energy and ecological transitions
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Qualité et environnement (hors sécurité) - ISO-9 000 - 2000
- QMS and continuous improvement for industrial productivity – one of the cornerstones of Industry 4.0 - ISO- 9001 -
- Systèmes de management de la qualité dans les projets - ISO-10006 -
- Eléments caractéristiques d'un système de gestion efficace et écologique de l'entreprise - ISO-14001 -
- Intelligence Artificielle (projet de...
Regulations
REACH regulations
https://www.ecologie.gouv.fr/reglementation-reach
Directive 2009/125/EC of the European parliament and of the council of 21 October 2009
establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products
Directory
Documentation – Training – Seminars (non-exhaustive list)
France Numérique
Portal for the digital transformation of businesses.
Example: Economy and society in the digital age, 2019
Government strategy
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