2. Pliers
2.1 Definition. Principles
The purpose of clamps is to connect a load to a hoist via an articulated mechanism that uses the load's gravity as clamping energy.
Unlike grapples, which grip loose loads, grippers are designed to handle specific objects. Clamping force can be proportional to the weight of the load lifted by the hook. The relative movement of parts in relation to each other, and carefully dimensioned lever arms, multiply the weight of the load so that it can be properly clamped.
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Pliers
Bibliography
INRS (Institut national de recherche et de sécurité) publications
ED 518 – Safety in the use of light manual handling tools and equipment
ED 389 – The slinger's handbook.
Publications OPPBTP (Organisme professionnel de prévention du bâtiment et des travaux publics)
— Practical manual no. 18 – Ropes – cables – chains
— Practical manual...
Main regulatory texts
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European directives
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Design
Directive 98/37/EC of June 22, 1998 (incorporating Directives 89/392/EEC, 91/368/EEC, 93/44/EEC and 93/68/EEC) – "Machinery" Directive
Directive 89/336/EC of May 3, 1989 – "Electromagnetic Compatibility" Directive
Directive 92/31/EC of April...
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Standardization
French standards Afnor (NF) and European standards CEN (EN)
Slings
- – Slings (definitions) – classification – slinging methods) - NF E 52‐150 : - décembre 1986
- – Recommendations for some slinging methods - NF E 52‐151 : - décembre 1981
- – Flat slings made of woven webbing and chemical textiles - NF G 36-030 : déce - mbre 1986
- – Round and flat textile slings - NF...
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