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4. Treatments
Precipitation and coagulation-flocculation are the most common treatments used to remove metallic pollution from (urban or industrial) wastewater and drinking water. However, specific or refining processes (adsorption, ion exchange, membranes, etc.) can also be used to remove...
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Treatments
Metal recovery from effluents
Bibliography
Standardization
Numerous international and French standards exist for specific assay methods by metallic element or analytical technique. They are constantly evolving, thanks to the development of recent techniques (mercury determination by atomic fluorescence spectrometry in 2002, application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 2005) and the improvement of older ones (trace element determination by graphite furnace...
Standards and norms
Standards
AFNOR standards
- Dosage de huit éléments métalliques (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Pb) par spectrométrie d'absorption atomique dans la flamme - FD T90-112 - 1998
- Water quality – Chromium determination – Atomic absorption spectrometry - NF EN 1233 - 1996
- Water quality – Mercury determination – Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) with and without...
Regulations
The presence of metal ions in water and the determination of their concentration are part of the overall water quality control process
Directory
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Water agencies :
http://www.lesagencesdeleau.fr/
Adour-Garonne Water Agency :
http://www.eau-adour-garonne.fr/
Loire-Brittany Water Agency...
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