Overview
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ABSTRACT
The evolution of the means of manufacture and the appearance of new materials have significantly changed the technologies of the valves. The development of metal-to-metal sealing has led to the emergence of new types of valves, as Triple Offset Valves. In this article, the functions, technologies, hydraulic characteristics, sealing levels, design and use standards, materials used, terminology and selection criteria are detailed for each type of valve.
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Christian DELTÊTE: Designer of industrial valves and fittings - Consulting Engineer – Trainer, Les Abrets, France - Editor's note - This article is an updated version of the article [BM 6 900] entitled Robinetterie industrielle, written by Jean SERIN and Jean SUTTER and published in April 2000.
INTRODUCTION
This article covers all valves and fittings used in all industrial sectors, from water supply to nuclear power plants, refining, power generation, chemicals, petrochemicals, iron and steel, food processing, etc.
Only sanitary and construction fittings do not fall within this scope.
The vast majority of malfunctions encountered in industrial valves result from a mismatch between the equipment and the service expected of it.
In the first place, therefore, you'll find a general guide, including definitions of the various functions: shut-off, control and regulation, protection... All these functions performed by valves, as well as quality and technical criteria to guide you to the best choice.
The different device families are presented.
An illustrated technical analysis of the main types of equipment commonly used in industry outlines their mechanical and hydraulic characteristics, advantages and disadvantages:
straight-through valves;
Plug valves ;
piston valves;
globe valves;
butterfly valves ;
knife gate valves;
diaphragm valves ;
valves ;
valves.
The characteristics and special features of devices designed for more demanding applications (high-pressure, high-temperature, cryogenic, chemical, petroleum) are described in detail.
Two types of complementary elements are presented:
the main types of pipe connections ;
operating devices.
Finally, theoretical aspects concerning sealing, pressure losses and operating torques of butterfly valves, as well as the behavior of the devices with respect to the fluid, are developed.
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KEYWORDS
safety valve | tightness | pressure loss | valve | check valve
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Industrial valves
Bibliography
Regulations
DI 97/23/EC Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning pressure equipment, 05/29/1997.
Standards and norms
AFNOR Robinetterie industrielle – Nomenclature des pièces constitutives des principaux appareils de robinetterie. E29-307, December 1989, standard cancelled in December 2005.
- AFNOR Valves and fittings – Terminology – Part 1: definition of device types. - NF EN 736-1 - février 2018
- AFNOR Valves and fittings – Terminology – Part 2: Definition of valve components – Faucets and valves...
Directory
Organizations (non-exhaustive list)
Association française des fabricants de pompes et agitateurs, de compresseurs et de robinetterie). (PROFLUID).
Center technique des industries mécaniques (CETIM).
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