Overview
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ABSTRACT
The rapid obsolescence of electronic devices forces equipment manufacturers to develop management strategies to prevent component shortages. Besides, this problem has a major impact on the qualification of the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of equipments. Any component change must be validated by a complete EMC requalification. The significant cost of EMC tests forces equipment manufacturers to find methods aiming at justifying the avoidance of EMC requalification. This article presents the issues of the obsolescence of electronic components on EMC qualification, illustrates the electromagnetic differences between equivalent components and describes the existing approaches to optimize EMC qualification of equipments.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Alexandre BOYER: Senior Lecturer - INSA Toulouse, LAAS-CNRS, Toulouse, France
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Marine STOJANOVIC: EMC expert, design and expertise engineer - Valeo Group, Créteil, France
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Kevin LOUDIÈRE: Design and Expertise Engineer - Valeo Group, Créteil, France
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Frédéric LAFON: Master Expert CEM, Group CEM Manager - Valeo Group, Créteil, France
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Sébastien SERPAUD: EMC research and expertise engineer - IRT Saint-Exupéry, Toulouse, France
INTRODUCTION
The obsolescence of electronic components is a recurring problem for manufacturers of electronic equipment, who may integrate hundreds of different component references. This obsolescence may be due to rapid technological developments in the sector, changes in regulations, shortages of raw materials, saturation of production resources or exceptional events. If this problem is not anticipated, the risk is a supply disruption leading to a halt in equipment manufacturing. In this context, equipment manufacturers are implementing strategies and tools to manage component obsolescence, such as identifying several equivalent components developed by different manufacturers (multisourcing).
Beyond the risk of supply disruption, obsolescence and multisourcing can have other consequences. In safety-critical fields of application (automotive, aeronautics, transport, energy, weapons), guaranteeing the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of electronic equipment is an essential and unavoidable constraint. This must be guaranteed regardless of the modifications made to the initial version of the equipment, such as the replacement of an obsolete component or the use of another source. The EMC qualification of a piece of equipment, as well as the demonstration that the change of component will not compromise EMC, currently requires standardized EMC tests, which are time-consuming and very costly for equipment manufacturers. This situation has led equipment manufacturers to look for better ways of managing the obsolescence of components with regard to EMC, i.e. ways of justifying not carrying out EMC tests, or only partially carrying them out.
Although replacement components are equivalent to the initial ones (pin-to-pin compatibility, identical functional specifications), their emission and electromagnetic immunity levels can vary widely. EMC expertise, backed up by component-level measurement techniques and electrical and electromagnetic simulation, is therefore essential to assess the risk of EMC regression following the replacement of a component, without repeating the normative EMC tests.
This article first describes the challenges posed by component obsolescence and multisourcing on the EMC qualification of electronic equipment, and justifies the need for component obsolescence methods to optimize EMC qualification. In the second part, the article illustrates the difficulty of anticipating the impact of component change on the EMC of equipment, through several examples of emission and immunity comparisons of equivalent components. In the third part, the article presents the various existing and published approaches to optimizing the EMC (re)qualification of electronic equipment.
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KEYWORDS
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) | obsolescence of electronic devices | EMC qualification | multisourcing
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EMC component obsolescence management
Bibliography
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Short Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment to be used in the 1 GHz to 40 GHz frequency range; Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum, V2.2.1, European Telecommunications Standards Institute - ETSI EN 300 440 - 2018
- Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4 : Testing and measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test, International Electrotechnical Commission - IEC 61000-4-4...
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