3. Additional problems and critical infrastructure issues
At the end of the 1990s and beginning of the 2000s, the issue of urban risks was reconfigured and made more complex by the observation, at both French and international level, of significant developments at three different levels: the emergence of new forms of terrorism, the growing interconnectivity of technical networks with its possible "domino" effects in the event of malfunctions, and the consequences of the trend towards general deregulation (privatization) of technical networks.
3.1 New forms of terrorism
The city has undoubtedly always been, at least from time to time, the preferred location for terrorist acts of various kinds and for a variety of reasons. However, the "Trente Glorieuses" were a period of relative calm in this respect, at least in France...
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Additional problems and critical infrastructure issues
Coping with urban risks
Bibliography
Bibliography
Directory
Center for studies and expertise on risks, the environment, mobility and development (CEREMA) https://www.cerema.fr
French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS) http://ineris.fr
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