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1. External noise sources
1.1 Natural electromagnetic radiation
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Cosmic radiation
This radiation is the residue, cooled by the expansion or "big bang", of the isotropic radiation of the universe. Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered it in 1965 (see archive photo 1 ), when they measured a spectral blackbody density...
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External noise sources
Internal noise sources
Bibliography
Standards and norms
ITU-R SM 329.7
defines "out-of-band" emissions, i.e. outside the band used, but within the total band allocated.
CEPT/ERC/REC 74-01 "spurious emissions
defines – 30 dBm per 1 GHz band
EN 301 390
specifies point-multipoint equipment, etc.
Directory
ITU (International Telrmmunications Union)
ETSI (European Telecommunication Standardization Organization)
FCC (Federal Communications Commission)
Software tools
Microwave circuits
AppCAD : http://www.hp.woodshot.com/
Friis formula
http://www.emtalk.com/tools/noise-figure-calculator.php
Non-linear simulation
...
Websites
Microwaves and hyperfrequencies website : http://www.hyper-rf.com/
Events
Annual Microwave and RF Show : http://www.microwave-rf.com/
European Microwave Week: http://www.eumweek.com/
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