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4. Air contamination
Microbiological contamination of the air originates in the formation of a complex bioaerosol which may contain several biological contaminants: living micro-organisms (bacteria, viruses, yeasts, molds), antigenic microbial fragments, toxins and/or other substances of microbial origin.
Air contamination depends on three essential conditions (presence of sources of contamination, microbial amplification by active multiplication and dissemination by disruption of the reservoir) which lead to either permanent or, more often, transient contamination of the ambient air, or airborne microbial flora.
4.1 Sources of contamination
Microbial reservoirs are classically distinguished into living reservoirs, i.e. people present in the premises,...
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Air contamination
Controlling the microbial environment
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Cleanrooms and related controlled environments. Biocontamination control – Part 1: General principles and methods - NF EN ISO 14698-1 - 03-04
- Health care facilities – Controlled environment zones. Requirements for airborne contamination control - NF S90-351 - 04-13
- Indoor air – Part 16: Mould detection and enumeration – Filtration sampling - NF ISO 16000-16 - 2009
- Indoor air – Part 17: Mould detection...
Regulations
European Good Manufacturing Practice (EuGMP). Specific guideline: LD.1 Manufacture of sterile medicinal products
European Pharmacopoeia 0169. 8th edition. Specifications for water for injections
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