Article | REF: N4629 V1

Smart textiles: o-textiles

Author: René M. ROSSI

Publication date: December 10, 2023

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1. Optical fiber manufacturing and textile integration

An optical fiber usually consists of two main components: a core and a cladding. To avoid any external influence on light transmission and fiber integrity, a protective layer is sometimes added over the cladding. On the other hand, if the optical fiber is used as a sensor of environmental parameters or to emit light along its length, the fiber is made up of just the two basic components, or even just a core without cladding.

1.1 Light transmission in optical fibers

Light transmission is based on total internal reflection at the core-sheath interface, derived from the Snell-Descartes law:

ncosinθ1=ngsinθ2
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