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ABSTRACT
The article relates the use of citric acid by itself, in absence of adhesives, as a thermosetting wood binder for both veneer panels such as Laminated Veneer Lumber and plywood and for wood particleboard, as well as the use of the combination of citric acid with glucose and sucrose for the same applications. The types of reactions involved are presented. Applications to wood based panels as well as for improving the water resistance and wet strength of wood welding are also reported.
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Antonio PIZZI: Professor Emeritus - LERMAB, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
INTRODUCTION
The development of natural adhesives derived from non-fossil resources is very important for the future, for a number of reasons: firstly, for ecological reasons; secondly, for human health reasons; and thirdly, to enable sustainable development, with renewable materials and therefore not petroleum derivatives. In addition, adhesives must bond flawlessly without using harmful chemicals. The literature presents an increasing number of formulations, tests and new types of wood adhesives based on renewable substances, such as tannins, lignin, proteins, starch, etc.
Citric acid has recently come under particular scrutiny for its use in bio-based wood glues, but also directly as a wood glue. Citric acid is a tricarboxylic acid.
The first to discover the use of citric acid in this context was Professor Umemura's research group in Japan in 2012.
. This group, along with other research groups in France, China
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KEYWORDS
citric acid | glucose | sucrose | wood adhesives | wood panels | chemical reactions
This article is included in
Functional materials - Bio-based materials
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Citric acid wood adhesives with/without mono- and disaccharides
Debuts
Bibliography
Standards and norms
European Committee for Standardization. European Standard
- Plywood – Bond Quality – Requirements. European Committee for Standardization: Brussels, Belgium. - EN 314-2 - 2004
- Plywood – Bond Quality – Test Methods. European Committee for Standardization : Brussels, Belgium. - EN 314-1 - 2004
- Adhesives for load bearing timber structures. European Committee for Standardization : Brussels,...
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