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3. Mechanical and physical properties
Some technical characteristics of plant and synthetic fibers are shown in the table 2 for comparison (intrinsic characteristics of single fibers). Fiber yarns (or threads) do not behave in the same way as a single fiber. Any mechanical stress on the single fiber will directly translate into stresses within the material, whereas the spun fiber will first undergo structural changes that may lead to fiber separation (rupture of frictional forces between fibers), even before reaching the material's own limits.
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Bibliography
- (1) - - Site ADEME (Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Énergie) http://www.ademe.fr/agrice
- (2) - - Chiffres du Cipalin (Comité Interprofessionnel de la Production Agricole du Lin) (2003)....
Norms and standards (non-exhaustive list)
- Evaluation of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials under controlled composting conditions – Method for analyzing released carbon dioxide – Part 1: General method [Classification number: T51-803-1] (Status: Approved standard) (Corrected version) - NF EN ISO 14855-1 - 07-08
- Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials under controlled composting...
Regulations (non-exhaustive list)
Directive 94/62/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 1994 on packaging and packaging waste [See amending acts].
Directory (non-exhaustive list)
Manufacturers – Manufacturers – Distributors
Lenzig http://www.lenzig.com
Seacell GmbH (Zimmer subsidiary) http://www.smartfiber.de/
Statistical and economic data
According to the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), world fiber production (excluding wood fibers) was estimated at over 57 million tons in 2003/2004, almost half of which was for man-made fibers, as shown in figures 1 and
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