2. Theoretical bases and essential functions of secondary metallurgy
During steel metallurgical treatment operations downstream of the main reactor, oxygen converter or arc furnace, various physico-chemical processes are implemented to remove certain dissolved or precipitated impurities:
deoxidation and removal of most of the inclusions formed ;
modification of the composition of residual or deliberately produced inclusions ;
metal-milk transfer reactions: desulfurization, dephosphorization ;
degassing: extraction of hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon monoxide.
2.1 Deoxidation by precipitation and removal of inclusions
The aim of the deoxidation operation is obviously to...
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Theoretical bases and essential functions of secondary metallurgy
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Since the early 1960s, the development of a large number of increasingly complex metallurgical processes that could not be carried out in the traditional steelworks reactor (oxygen converter or electric furnace, figure ) has given rise to a new type of metallurgy, known as "secondary" metallurgy, carried out in a steelworks ladle fitted with a range of equipment, including drawer nozzles...
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