Overview
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ABSTRACT
The global steel industry is shared-out between traditional integrated mills (large capacity, based on oxygen steelmaking processes) and mini-mills (based on electric furnaces). The latter are gradually replacing the use of metal scrap by that of a primary metal produced from iron ore. These new integrated mills can include a direct reduction plant (scrap is then replaced by substitute products on-site). The other option, in order to load the furnace, consists in exploiting a nearby cast iron production unit. The combination of these two processes appears to be intuitive.
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Read the articleAUTHOR
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Jacques ASTIER: Consulting engineer - Former Director of the French Iron and Steel Research Institute (IRSID)
INTRODUCTION
Here we can see the advantages of moving away from an exclusive scrap feed and using a primary metal produced from iron ores. This is where we find the differences between :
the classic mini-mill, which buys in such primary metals as DRI/HBI produced by direct reduction processes or solid pig or granulated iron (as is the case with a whole series of mini-mills in the USA);
the mini-plant that will be integrated with these direct reduction or cast iron production units.
To deal with this subject, i.e. these new integrated plants based on the electric furnace, we will divide it into three chapters devoted, respectively, to :
integrating a direct reduction system to feed the electric furnace;
which integrate with liquid iron production units;
which combine these two types of primary metal production processes, DRI and cast iron.
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Mini-mills based on cast iron and direct reduction
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