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ABSTRACT
After casting, a metal alloy is rarely isotropic as it has been subjected to mechanical and thermal stresses which very often are oriented in the same direction with respect to the material. This article discusses the behavior of cold metal. The overall characteristics are reviewed; elasticity, strain hardening, the plastic strain ratio and the hydrostatic pressure sensitivity, either in the damage phases of the solid products or in powder metallurgical products. For each property diverse examples relevant to the case of sheet metal are presented, for which these concepts are of particular importance and widely used.
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Eric FELDER: Ingénieur civil des Mines de Paris, Doctor of Science - Senior Researcher at the Centre de mise en forme des matériaux (CEMEF) - École des Mines de Paris, CNRS Sophia-Antipolis
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this section is to take more realistic account of the cold metal behavior described in the dossier. : elasticity, strain-hardening, plastic anisotropy and sensitivity to hydrostatic pressure, either in the damage phases of solid products, or for products derived from powder metallurgy.
In relation to the file , we will therefore abandon the E∞ hypothesis and the assumptions of paragraph 1 (except for the principle of maximum work), but separately. We will not discuss in detail the most elaborate models combining all these aspects which, in practice, are more or less linked: for example, material anisotropy implies, a priori, elastic and plastic anisotropy.
This section is illustrated by various examples relating to the case of sheet metals, a field where these concepts are particularly important and used.
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