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1. Definitions and units
The notion of viscosity can be visualized as the internal resistance of a fluid plane to sliding over an adjacent plane when a force is applied.
Consider the flow of a fluid contained between two undefined parallel planes, one fixed and the other moving in a rectilinear, uniform motion in its own plane. For most fluids, Newton's law of viscous flow is written :
with :
- σ :
-
tangential force per unit area exerted on one of the planes (shear stress)
- ε :
- velocity gradient, i.e. variation in the velocity v of the moving plane as a function...
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