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5. Backfill and subgrade applications – Road and rail applications
5.1 Applications
The possibilities of use concern the various layers of materials used in road (or rail) infrastructures, represented on the cross-section diagram in figure 6 .
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Backfill and subgrade applications – Road and rail applications
Use of fly ash in pavement structures
Guides and catalogs
Websites
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ADEME
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DRIRE
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EDF – Flame thermal energy – Generation sites in France
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Events
International Ash Utilization Symposium – Healths aspect of Coal Fly Ash. The International Ash Utilization Symposium is held every 2 years. It is organized by the University of Kentucky Applied Energy Research Center and the U.S. Department of Energy.
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2nd "Earthworks in Europe" symposium
This 2nd Colloquium will be held in London on June 3-4, 2009. It follows...
Standards and norms
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French reference standards
- Exécution des terrassements. Classification des matériaux utilisables dans la construction des remblais et des couches de forme d'infrastructure routière. - NF P11-300 - Septembre 1992
- Exécution des terrassements Terminologie. - NF P11-301 - Décembre 1994
- Liants hydrauliques. Ciments courants. Compositions, spécifications et critères...
Regulations
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Extracts from legislative references
Article L. 511-1 of the French Environment Code. The provisions of this title apply to factories, workshops, warehouses, building sites and, in general, installations operated or owned by any natural or legal person, public or private, which may present dangers or inconveniences either for the convenience of the neighborhood,...
Statistical and economic data
European Commission – Directorate-General for Energy and Transport.
Conventional energies – Coal and oil – EU imports of hard coal from third countries for power plants in 2000-2001.
Ministère de l'Économie, de l'Industrie et de l'Emploi, DGEMP, 24/06/2008.
Coal: main provisional results for 2007. DGEMP/Observatoire de l'énergie. June...
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