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8. Conclusion
Generally speaking, geothermal energy is a relatively recent development, and its technology was initially largely inspired by the oil industry.
Geothermal energy may be less well known than other renewable energies such as solar, wind or biomass, and certainly less in the media spotlight, but it has a number of advantages.
It covers a wide range of uses.
High- and medium-energy geothermal resources can be used to generate electricity for both existing grids and isolated areas, at very competitive costs compared with those obtained with more conventional energy sources. This business is present in more than twenty countries, both industrialized and developing. In 2007, the world's installed power capacity was around 8,900 MW, making it the fourth largest renewable energy source of electricity generation, behind hydro,...
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Conclusion
Bibliography
Reference
- (1) - LINDAL (B.) - Industrial and other applications of geothermal energy. Dans Geothermal Energy, a review of research and development. - Earth Sciences, 12, UNESCO, Paris (1973).
Works
Trade press
The CITEG newsletter (quarterly) ADEME, BRGM
L'Énergie du Sous-sol, Geothermal energy in the Paris Region (quarterly), ADEME, ARENE, BRGM
Solar systems (bimonthly)
Geothermal Resources Council Bulletin (United States)
IGA News (international)
Geo Heat Center Quartely Bulletin (United States)
...Audiovisual resources
Geothermal energy in the Paris Region and Semhach (video)
Co-producers: ADEME, AGéMO, ARENE IDF and BRGM
Line producers: SEMHACH
Executive production: Un coin de Paradis, Capa Entreprise (January 2006)
Bouillante geothermal energy (video)
Executive production: Sycomore Films
...
Internet portals
Geothermal perspectives (ADEME, BRGM) http://www.geothermie-perspectives.fr
Renewable energies http://www.energies-renouvelables.org
Regulations
Decree 78-498 of March 28, 1978 on geothermal exploration and exploitation permits.
Main operations
The main geothermal operations in service in 2004 are summarized in table for the Paris Basin and table for the Aquitaine Basin.
Organizations
French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME) http://www.ademe.fr
French Geological and Mining Research Bureau (BRGM) http://www. brgm.fr
SAF Environnement (manager of the geothermal guarantee fund on behalf of ADEME)
...
Design offices
-
Basement
ANTEA http://www.antea-ingenierie.fr
Archambault Conseil http://www.archambault-conseil.fr
BURGÉAP http://www.burgeap.fr
...
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