Article | REF: E6367 V1

Crystals and optical devices for quantum information processing

Authors: Thierry CHANELIÈRE, Anne LOUCHET-CHAUVET, Alban FERRIER, Philippe GOLDNER

Publication date: October 10, 2014, Review date: June 19, 2017

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1. Quantum information

1.1 Quantum bits – qubits

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1.1.1 Definition of a qubit and geometric representation

Conventional information systems are based on Boolean logic. In this framework, the unit of information, called a "bit", is a number that can take on two distinct values: 0 or 1. These "bits" are generally materialized by physical systems that can exist in two easily distinguishable states, such as the presence or absence of a voltage, charge or current. Information is coded in the form of bit sequences, which the computer manipulates....

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