Overview
FrançaisABSTRACT
Printing inks are a complex mixture of various compounds which must respect specifications related to the printing process, the drying mode, the nature of the printing support, etc. Pigments and colorants, common to all inks, are presented in this article. The various printing techniques and adapted ink types are then studied as a specific type of ink corresponds to each printing process. The inks presented in this article are related to the printing on cellulose supports and also on polymer, metallic and textile supports.
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Anne BLAYO: Doctor INPG (Institut national polytechnique de Grenoble) - EFPG Engineer (French School of Paper and Graphic Industries) - Teacher-researcher at EFPG
INTRODUCTION
Although they take the form of an apparently homogeneous liquid, printing inks are a complex mixture of constituents of very different natures. They must meet specifications that depend on the printing process, the drying method, the nature of the printing substrate (compatibility, adhesion...) and other specific constraints: printing in one or more colors, subsequent varnishing or coating, in-line or off-line finishing, environment, safety, health, photochemical resistance, resistance to humidity, high or low temperatures, acids, solvents...
Inks can be subjected to a variety of stresses, resulting in a wide range of ink types. There is no such thing as a multi-purpose ink, even for a given process. An ink formulation is therefore often the result of a technical-economic compromise.
After a general description, this dossier presents pigments and colorants, which are common to all inks. Then, as each printing process has its own type of ink, an entire paragraph is devoted to a brief description of each printing technique and a detailed study of each corresponding type of ink.
The inks presented here can be used to print on cellulose substrates (paper and cardboard), but also on polymer substrates (in the form of films, plates or three-dimensional objects), metal substrates (in thin sheet, plate or shaped form) and textiles.
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Formulation of printing inks
Some recent theses
Manufacturers
(non-exhaustive list)
A list of the main ink manufacturers located in France can be found on the AFEI (Association des fabricants d'encres d'imprimerie) website. http://www.fipec.org/afei
Brancher inks
...Professional organizations
• AFEI (Association des fabricants d'encres d'imprimerie) http://www.fipec.org/afei
• EuPIA (European Printing Ink Association), sous-groupe de CEPE(European Council of the Paint, Printing Ink and Artists' Colours Industry) : http://www.cepe.org...
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