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2. Principle 2: promote the use of alternative solvents
2.1 Context
The efficiency of solid-liquid extraction depends on the solvent used. It must possess a number of properties: it must be selective, inert with respect to the substances to be extracted, and sufficiently volatile to be eliminated at the end of the process. The conventional organic solvents used for extracting natural substances are mostly petroleum-based, such as hexane, methanol, dichloromethane or acetone... Although these solvents have the advantage of low boiling points and vaporization enthalpies, they have a negative impact on humans (toxicity) and the environment (considered as VOCs (volatile organic compounds)). In addition, the tightening of European regulations (REACH regulation, European directives for the regulation of VOC emissions, directives 2004/73/CE) is...
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Unit operations. Chemical reaction engineering
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Principle 2: promote the use of alternative solvents
Principle 3: generate co-products instead of waste
Bibliography
Software tools
COSMOThermX (version C30_1602 – 13.07.2016) [Software], COSMOlogic GmbH & Co. KG Imbacher Weg 46 51379 Leverkusen, Germany.
Regulations
Directive 2009/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 23, 2009 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States on extraction solvents used in the production of foodstuffs and food ingredients (amended by Directives 2010/59/EU and 2016/1855/EU). OJ L 141, 6.6.2009, p. 3–11.
Directory
Associations (non-exhaustive list)
Valréas Eco-Extraction Platform Association
Extractis
Laboratories – Research centers (non-exhaustive list)
GREEN Laboratory (Natural Products...
Standards
- Responsabilité sociétale - ISO 26000 - 2010
- Cosmetics – Guidelines for technical definitions and criteria for natural and organic ingredients and products – Part 2: criteria for ingredients and products - ISO 16128-2 - 2017
- Environmental management – Life cycle assessment. Principle and framework - NF EN ISO 14040 - 2006
- Environmental management – Life cycle assessment. Requirements and guidelines - NF EN...
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