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Article | REF: J2452 V1

Industrial drying: principles and calculation of equipment

Author: Jean VASSEUR

Publication date: March 10, 2010

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ABSTRACT

Drying is an operation which allows for removing a part of the solvent (generally water) from a body by vaporization of this solvent. The product then changes from a "wet" state (liquid or solid) to a "dry" one. The choice of the drying technique is essential as it is energy consuming (in order to provide the latent heat of evaporation). At this time, industrial hot-air drying is the most widely used method. Several methods of hot-air drying are available, depending on the relative flow direction of air and the product. This article provides a study of these various methods. Their principles are successively explained as well as their influence on the quality of the dried product, the energy consumed and the flow rate of the dryer. To conclude, assessments (global, enthalpic, etc.) are presented in order to measure the efficiency of the methods.

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AUTHOR

  • Jean VASSEUR: GREF engineer - Doctor Engineer - Professor at AgroParisTech-Massy (formerly ENSIA) – UMR 1145

 INTRODUCTION

The set "Industrial drying: principles and apparatus calculation" consists of four articles, with common notations:

  • [J 2 451] Convective hot-air drying (part 1): definitions and principles;

  • [J 2 452] Convective hot-air drying (part 2), which covers industrial applications and energy-saving principles;

  • [J 2 453] and [J 2 454] Other drying methods than hot air.

The aim of the present article [J 2 452] is to describe common industrial drying situations, where the properties of the air external to the product vary greatly between the entry of the product P 1 into the dryer and its exit P 2 , a situation which is therefore clearly different from the thin-film drying and constant external air conditions presented in [J 2 451] . Furthermore, the variants of industrial implementation have consequences for drying speed, drying time and the quality of the finished product. Thus, the "thin-film" kinetics and constant external air conditions described in [J 2 451] are only one step towards understanding and modeling the industrial dryer, which operates under variable external...

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