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3. Electromagnetic modeling
3.1 Problem
The development of direct electromagnetic models of the georadar system and its environment is aimed at optimizing the experimental configuration, and improving the analysis and interpretation of measured radargrams. The specificity of the georadar system is that it takes into account a complex natural environment, generally made up of heterogeneous, anisotropic and lossy media. In addition, coupling/induction phenomena in the near-field zone of the antennas are induced by the proximity of the antennas to the air-ground interface. Numerical methods, based on discretization of the study domain, are currently the most popular and efficient for representing complex geometries, compared with analytical models (asymptotic approximations)
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Electromagnetic modeling
Signal processing
Bibliography
Scientific journals and newspapers
Journals of the AGU, American Geophysical Union (Geophysics...) http://www.agu.org/
Journals of the EAGE, European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers (Near Surface, Geophysical Prospecting...) http://www.eage.org/
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Software tools
GPRMax http://www.gprmax.com/
REFLEXW http://www.sandmeier-geo.de/index.html
EMPIRE (IMST) http://www.empire.de/
Websites
Georadar course http://phineas.u-strasbg.fr/marquis/Enseignement/Public/Master/Radar.ppt
General information on georadar http://clu-in.org/char/technologies/gpr.cfm
Events
International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), held every two years (last in 2016)
International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR), held every two years (last in June 2015).
Standards and norms
- Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) ; Short Range Devices (SRD) ; Ground- and Wall-Probing Radar applications ; Part 1 : Technical characteristics and test methods - ETSI EN 302 066-1 -
- Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) ; Short Range Devices (SRD) ; Ground- and Wall-Probing Radar applications ; Part 2 : Harmonized EN under article 3.2 of the R Directive -...
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Manufacturers – Suppliers
The four main industrial manufacturers of surface georadar are GSSI in the USA (SIR10 (1990), SIR20 (2001), SIR2000 (1998), SIR3000 (2002), Profiler (2007) systems), Sensors & Software in Canada (RAMAC/GPR system), Mala in Sweden (pulseEKKO PRO system) and IDS in Italy (RIS system). They sell complete radar systems in the [15 MHz; 2.5 GHz] band for GSSI, in the [12.5 MHz; 1.2 GHz] band...
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