3. GIS functionalities
GIS systems can be used to acquire, manage and store data, analyze it and finally render it.
3.1 Data acquisition
A GIS is capable of acquiring data from different sources and in different forms (databases, maps, images, etc.). This acquisition requires knowledge of the geographic location of the information. It can be carried out by input or integration.
Data capture involves converting paper maps into a computerized format by digitizing them. This digitizing operation is long, complex and costly. Today, it mainly concerns old paper maps. It can be carried out using digitizing tables (producing vector data) or scanners (producing raster data). In the past, IGN has digitized all its reference frames (from 1/10,000 to 1/2,500,000) throughout...
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GIS functionalities
Bibliography
Software tools
ARCGIS ® – ESRI France :
GEOCONCEPT ® :
GEOMEDIA ...
Websites
CEN: European Committee for Standardization – TC 287 Technical Committee on Geographic Information
http://www.cen.eu/CENORM/Sectors/TechnicalCommitteesWorkshops/CENTechnicalCommittees/
CRIGE PACA: Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regional Center for Geographic Information...
Standards and norms
- Information géographique Géomatique (45 normes publiées et 30 normes en projet) - ISO/TC 211 -
- Standard GML (Geographic Markup Language) permettant l'échange de données vectorielles - OGC -
- Standards WMS (Web Map Server) et WFS (Web Feature Server) permettant la production de cartographie à partir de serveurs de données et la manipulation de ces objets géographiques - OGC -
Regulations
Directive [2007/2/EC] INSPIRE: of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing an infrastructure for the dissemination of spatial information in the European Community.
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
AFIGEO: French Association for Geographic Information
CNIG: Conseil National de l'Information Géographique (National Council for Geographic Information)
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