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1. Linear sources of distortion
Despite the many advances made by manufacturers since the invention of fiber, the propagation of a signal in an optical telecommunication cable is accompanied by distortions that must be compensated for as far as possible. These distortions can be caused by either linear or non-linear physical phenomena. Unlike linear physical phenomena, non-linear physical phenomena produce the same level of distortion whatever the optical power level of the propagating signal.
1.1 Amplifier noise
The small perturbations in signal amplitude and phase caused by the passage of optical amplifiers, known generically as amplified spontaneous emission noise, are the most common linear distortions encountered in even the simplest systems. As soon as the transmitted optical signal...
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Linear sources of distortion
Fiber types
Bibliography
Software tools
Optilux, free software for simulating optical transmission systems http://www.optilux.sourceforge.net/
VPI transmission Maker™, software suite for the simulation of optical components and systems, published by VPI photonics http://www.vpiphotonics.com/
...Websites
Jean-Michel Jonathan, lecture at Institut d'Optique GraduateSchool ParisTech, Guided wave optics http://paristech.institutoptique.fr/index.php?domaine=149
Events
Optical Fiber Communications Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference (OFC/NFOEC), an international conference held annually in the United States. http://www.ofcconference.org
European Conference on Optical Communications (ECOC) is an international conference held every September in a different European country....
Standards and norms
- National Telecommunications Union http://www.itu.int/ - ITU -
- Interfaces for optical transport networks (OTN) http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.709/fr - ITU-T G.709 -
- Spectral grids for wavelength-division multiplexing applications: DWDM dense grid http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.694.1/fr - ITU-T G.694.1 -
- Characteristics of single-mode optical cables and fibers http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.652/fr...
Regulations
French regulatory authority for electronic communications and posts, ARCEP http://www.arcep.fr/
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
Alcatel-Lucent http://www.alcatel-lucent.com
Ciena http://www.ciena.fr/
Cisco Systems http://www.cisco.fr
...
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