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2. 3GPP standard introduces transparent satellites
This section presents the modifications to the 3GPP standard for the direct access use case (e.g. smartphone) for a usage frequency below 7 GHz and using the 5G NR waveform with satellites in non-geostationary orbit with a transparent satellite. The elements presented are also relevant for scenarios with higher usage frequencies.
The terminology "transparent" refers to the fact that the gNB as defined above (i.e., not including the RRU) is entirely on the ground, and the satellite performs no operations associated with modulating or decoding the received data. Different ways of slicing the physical layer are possible, and have been studied in study documents by 3GPP and the O-RAN consortium. The proposals made in the standard to introduce transparent satellites must be compatible with all levels of physical layer cuts. This architecture is illustrated in figure...
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3GPP standard introduces transparent satellites
3GPP standard introduces regenerative satellites
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Introduction of the satellite L-/S-band. - 3GPP RP-230706 - Mars 2023
- Service requirements for the 5G system. - 3GPP TS 22.278 - Décembre 2009
- 5G ; NG-RAN ; F1 Application Protocol (F1AP). - 3GPP TS 138.473 - Janvier 2023
- System Architecture for the 5G System (Release 16). - 3GPP TS 23.501 - Juin 2024
- Procedures for the 5G System. - 3GPP TS 23.502 - Janvier 2021
- Non-Access-Stratum...
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