3. Switching in the step-down chopper
In all previous studies ( and § 1, 2 and 3), we examined ideal operation with perfect switches. In reality, however, the switches are subjected to very high loads each time they are switched. We'll therefore take a closer look at the opening and closing of the switches separately, before recalling their switching conditions. This study is applied to the step-down chopper, but can easily be transposed to other structures.
3.1 Transistor and diode switching conditions
We'll assume that a controllable transistor can open and close autonomously, like an electromechanical switch. Its current and voltage then follow a path imposed only by external elements.
Switching can therefore be either hard or soft, as shown in figure...
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Switching in the step-down chopper
Two-quadrant chopper control modes
