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ABSTRACT
Following a brief review of interconnections benefits, the specificities of grid management in an interconnected system will be tackled. Concepts such as imports and exports, loop-flows, etc. will be introduced. European market integration and the energy transition represent major challenges for the management of an interconnected grid. To cope with this, innovative mechanisms have been imagined and implemented in Europe. They will be described in this paper. Finally, a focus on each French border is proposed.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Sandrine BORTOLOTTI: Research and Development Manager - RTE (Réseau de transport d'électricité), Courbevoie, France
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Jean-Yves BOURMAUD: Research and development expert - RTE (Réseau de transport d'électricité), Courbevoie, France
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Marjorie COSSON: Research and Development Manager - RTE (Réseau de transport d'électricité), Courbevoie, France
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Hervé LAFFAYE: Chief Operating Officer - RTE (Réseau de transport d'électricité), Courbevoie, France
INTRODUCTION
With the creation of the single European electricity market, Transmission System Operators (TSOs) have had to adapt and become a driving force in facilitating commercial transactions between players in different national markets. Against a backdrop of energy transition, new challenges now face the pan-European electricity system, which has to adapt to more variable, intermittent and uncontrollable power generation based on primary renewable energies.
Energy transfers between countries and cross-border lines play a key role in the reliability of the pan-European power system. However, these exchange capacities are generally more limited than the "internal" capacities of national grids. Indeed, the interconnected European grid was historically designed only for energy transfers between close neighbors, and within a framework of administered management. In addition, the growing awareness of environmental impacts does not facilitate the construction of new facilities or the reinforcement of existing ones.
TSOs therefore need to devise and promote mechanisms for calculating and allocating these cross-border energy transfer capacities, enabling access to the network for imports, exports and transits, within the limits of safe network operation.
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KEYWORDS
capacity calculation | flow-based | net transmission capacity (NTC) | available transmission capacity (ATC)
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Bibliography
Websites
Electricity Transmission System Operator RTE http://www.rte-france.com
European Transmission System Operators of Electricity ENTSO-E http://www.entsoe.eu
Regulations
European Directive 96/92/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of December 16, 1996 concerning common rules for the internal market in electricity.
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