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ABSTRACT
High and very high-voltage stations, so called HTB, have undergone numerous evolutions since their creation; major changes have been carried out due to significant technological advances. This article deals with the general principles of these facilities, before recalling the history of these evolutions from the electromechanical control-actuator system of these stations. The distribution and implementation of the BT elements are detailed (history and characteristics, current fabrication and equipment implementation technology). Finally; it reviews the ancillary services which allow for distributing the required energy: their function, safety level, etc.
Read this article from a comprehensive knowledge base, updated and supplemented with articles reviewed by scientific committees.
Read the articleAUTHOR
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Franck-Yves DUPRIEZ: Engineer from the École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - Head of the Local Control Systems Division at the Centre national d'expertise réseau (CNER) of RTE (Réseau de transport d'électricité).
INTRODUCTION
All high and extra-high voltage substations are the subject of several files:
"Role and structure ;
"Constructional provisions ;
"Construction and equipment ;
"Control and monitoring systems ;
"Metal-clad substations (PSEM) ;
Over the past thirty years, control and operation systems at high and extra-high voltage (HVB) substations on the French power grid have undergone a number of changes, including two major technological developments.
In addition to describing the generic design principles, this dossier gives a history of these developments since the first electromechanical control stage, and then describes in detail the static control stages (the most widespread in existing installations) and the digital control stages (which are now the standard on offer from suppliers).
An earlier standard used the designations THT (400, 225 and 150 kV), HT (90, 63 kV) and MT (20 kV), which can still be found in some texts.
Today, UTE C18-510 defines the range of electrical voltages encountered on networks as follows:
HV, divided into HVB (voltages above 50,000 V (or 50 kV) alternating current) and HTA (voltages between 50,000 and 1,000 V alternating current);
LV: voltage below 1,000 V AC.
The French electricity transmission network includes facilities at levels HTB3 (400 kV), HTB2 (225 or 150 kV) and HTB1 (90 or 63 kV).
The HTA voltage level (typically 20 kV) is reserved for electrical distribution networks, which are not the subject of this dossier.
The LV voltage range referred to in this dossier exclusively includes the control circuits of HVB substations.
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High and extra-high voltage substations
General principles
Also in our databasehttp://www.techniquesdelingenieur.fr
DELBARRE (J.M.). – High and extra-high voltage substations. Role and structure. Electrical networks and applications (1993).
BLANC (R.). – High and extra-high voltage substations. Constructive provisions. Electrical networks and applications (1994).
DELON (J.-P.) – High and extra-high voltage...
Standards and norms
- (norme d'entreprise) : directives générales de conception et de construction des matériels de contrôle-commande des réseaux électriques. - HN46-R-01 -
- Réseaux et systèmes de communication pour l'automatisation des services de distribution d'énergie - CEI 61850 -
- Telecontrol equipment and systems – Part 5-103: Transmission protocols – Accompanying standard for the information communication interface of...
Regulations
UTE C18-510 "Recueil d'instructions générales de sécurité d'ordre électrique".
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