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4. Basic physics of liquid breakdown
4.1 Physical properties of liquids
All materials are solid at very low temperatures, and gaseous when the temperature is sufficiently high. The understanding of many basic processes in the liquid state is facilitated by considering the liquid as either a compressed gas or a solid, for which theoretical models are well established. Knowledge of the behavior of certain physical quantities when pressure p (e.g. from 0 to 10 MPa) and temperature T (from – 50 ×C to 100 ×C) are strongly varied is necessary to identify the mechanisms involved in predisruptive and disruptive phenomena. This section briefly examines the influence of p and T on the physical properties of liquids.
In practice, a liquid's solidification temperature T s ...
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Basic physics of liquid breakdown
Breakdown phenomena in industrial applications
Bibliography
General works
Thesis
- - http://www.sudoc.abes.fr
- QUERE (F.) - Étude des mécanismes d'excitation électronique associés au claquage des diélectriques induit par un champ laser intense. Paris 6 - (2000).
Manufacturers - Suppliers (non-exhaustive list)
ASEA BROWN BOVERI (ABB) - http://www.abb.com/
BASF FARBEN UND FASERN AG - http://www.corporate.basf.com
BAYER AG - http://www.bayer.de/...
Organizations
Center national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) [F] - http://www.cnrs.fr/
Laboratoire central des industries électriques (LCIE) [F] - http://www.lcie.fr/
Société française des électriciens et des électroniciens (SEE) [F] [French only...
Standardization
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Publication 156: 1963. Method for the determination of the electric strength of insulating oils (NF C 27-221).
Publication 897: 1987. Methods for the determination of the lightning impulse breakdown voltage of insulating liquids.
Publication 628 : 1985. Gassing of insulating liquids under electrical stress and ionization...
Journals (refereed)
Journal de Physique.
Revue Générale de l'Électricité.
Revue de Physique Appliquée.
Electra.
IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation.
IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation.
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.
Journal of...
International conferences, congresses and symposia
International conference on conduction and breakdown of dielectric liquids (ICLD) (every three years; the 13th conference will be held in Japan in 1999).
Conference on electrical insulation dielectric phenomena (CEIDP) (every year in the USA).
International Conference on Large Electric Systems (CIGRE) (every year; even-numbered years in...
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