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ABSTRACT
This paper is dedicated to alkaline and moderate or high-temperature fuel cells (AFC, PAFC, MCFC, PCFC and SOFC). Although the general approach is the same, each of the systems involves very different physical/chemical, mass transfer and configurational features.
Pressure, temperature and, consequently, the choice of materials are a particular issue. In addition to the low-temperature (AFC) and moderate-temperature (PAFC) systems, high-temperature systems are also highly varied, ranging from molten-salt electrolytes (MCFC) to all-solid, protonic (PCFC) or anionic (SOFC) conduction systems.
In a world where energy and resources are highly sensible et geostrategic level, fuel cells offer a wide range of balanced solutions and prospects for sustainability.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Michel CASSIR: Professor Emeritus, Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), France
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Daniel HISSEL: Professor, Université de Franche-Comté, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), FEMTO-ST, CNRS, - Deputy Director Fédération nationale hydrogène du CNRS
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Claude LAMY: Professor Emeritus, Charles Gerhardt Institute (ICGM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, - Member of France Hydrogène, France
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Gilles TAILLADES: Professor, Director of the Energy Department, Charles Gerhardt Institute (ICGM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, France
INTRODUCTION
Since their invention just under two hundred years ago, the prospects for industrial, commercial and public development of fuel cells have never been better, thanks to research efforts, strategic choices by many countries, major industrial groups and automakers, and a rapidly changing environmental, societal and political context.
Fuel cell technologies are highly varied, involving a wide range of materials, experimental conditions (temperature, pressure, gas atmospheres) and systems. Their specific scientific and technological features open up a wide range of potential applications.
As a complement to the three articles to which it is linked, this article is designed to give technicians and engineers a basic understanding of various fuel cell systems (materials, operation, industrial challenges, basic applications and prospects), from alkaline fuel cells (AFC) to all high-temperature fuel cells (PAFC, MCFC, PCFC, SOFC).
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KEYWORDS
fuel cell | alkaline fuell cell | Proton Ceramic Fuel Cell | Solid Oxide Fuel Cel
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