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André Bergner: ITP Engineer, IAE Poitiers
INTRODUCTION
Air conditioning is the technique of modifying the climatic conditions of a room by altering temperature, humidity and dust levels as required (homes, commercial buildings, precision industry, laboratories, hospitals, computer rooms, clean rooms, etc.).
For the record, it was Willis Carrier who invented a "device for treating air", for which he was granted a patent in 1906. It was the world's first air-conditioning unit, capable of washing, humidifying and dehumidifying air. Modern air conditioning now had its fundamental element.
Air-conditioning is more for human comfort, while air conditioning is more for the industrial sector.
Air conditioning aims to treat air to create a controlled atmosphere and achieve a degree of physiological comfort for occupants and production processes.
This level is insufficient for air-conditioning hospital operating theatres, where humidity and filtration levels need to be controlled. On the other hand, in residential or tertiary sectors, such as offices, simple cooling or heating and air renewal is sufficient.
The precise calculation of a heat balance for air conditioning and climate control is time-consuming and complicated, as several factors come into play:
external loads: heat transfer through external walls (walls, roof, ceiling and floor) and glazing, solar radiation through walls and glazing, air renewal and infiltration;
internal loads: heat input by occupants, lighting, machines and equipment.
It is important that the premises treated are perfectly airtight and properly insulated, which means that controlled mechanical ventilation must be provided wherever possible.
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Bibliography
- (1) - ANALYTICE - Dossier : laboratoires d'analyse de l'air. - http://www.analytice.com/dossier-laboratoires-analyse-air/ (11 octobre 2021).
- (2) - ABCCLIM -...
Standards and norms
- Building work – Mechanical ventilation systems – Part 1-1-1: General rules for design, dimensioning and installation – Standard technical specifications – Part 1-1-2: single-flow self-controlled mechanical ventilation – Design rules, sizing and installation – Standard technical specifications – Part 1-1-3: controlled mechanical ventilation for gas – Design rules, sizing and installation – Standard technical specifications...
Regulations
Decree of March 24, 1982 on the ventilation of dwellings.
Arrêté du 8 octobre 1987 relatif au contrôle périodique des installations d'aération et d'assainissement des locaux de travail.
Arrêté du 14 février 2000 portant approbation de dispositions complétant et modifiant le règlement de sécurité contre les risques d'incendie et de panique dans les établissements recevant du...
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