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1. Water's modes of action
Water has many modes of action.
1.1 Climatic loads
These are the charges due :
to rain and hail;
on snow ;
and wind.
In other words, those that mainly affect roofs, as defined in the "Snow and Wind" regulations.
They are based on statistical studies, but may be exceeded periodically or exceptionally.
-
Rain
Repeated rainfall can cause damage to exposed, unsealed structures, as water can degrade open-porosity and/or cracked materials, and corrode the steelwork of exterior walls. This is obviously the case for façades...
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The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
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Water's modes of action
Bibliography
Standards and norms
Unified technical documents – DTU
NV rules define the action of snow and wind on buildings
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The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference