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1. Notions of biological and chemical risks
We must distinguish five types of circumstances that can lead to illness or discomfort:
direct contact with water and aquatic pollutants during bathing, hygiene treatments, etc. This is the case with bathing. There may be a chemical risk, but it is much lower than the biological risk (bacteria, viruses, amoebae, etc.);
ingestion of drinking water: water for drinking or food preparation (tea, coffee, soups, etc.). Here too, the chemical risk is generally lower than the microbiological risk, the level of which depends on a country's level of development;
ingestion of food contaminated by water in the receiving environment, with simple contamination or transformation and concentration of pollutants (or their metabolites) by ecosystems and contamination of the food chain (mercury,...
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Notions of biological and chemical risks
Biological health risk assessment
Bibliography
Websites
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AFNOR Validation (page consulted on March 16, 2014)
Events
DUGUET (J.P.), JOYEUX (M.) – Methods for disinfecting water – Presentation at the 15th Colloquium on the Epidemiological Control of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur, 2010 (accessed October 6, 2014)
http://www.infectiologie.com/site/medias/diaporamas/CEMI/2010/CEMI-2010-DUGUET.pdf
...Standards and norms
- Technical Guide to Accreditation – On-site water sampling and physico-chemical testing – Document LAB GTA 29 Revision 00. - COFRAC - 2013
Regulations
Council Directive 98/83/EC of November 3, 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption (OJ L 330, 5.12.1998, p. 32), as amended (Regulations (EC) no. 1882/2003 and no. 596/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council).
Law n° 2006-1772 of December 30, 2006 on water and aquatic environments (1) (consolidated version as of July...
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