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Yves POULLIN: Engineer from the École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Métiers and the École Nationale Supérieure d'Hydraulique et de Mécanique de Grenoble - Director attached to the management of Pompes Sihi
INTRODUCTION
Over the past twenty years, the significant growth in rural electrification and in construction and rehabilitation programs has led to an undeniable increase in both collective and individual water supply facilities.
Despite this, communal or inter-communal networks are not always capable of serving isolated houses, farms and, in general, out-of-the-way dwellings and buildings.
For these needs, automatic distribution can be achieved by installing a small, self-contained electric pump to supply various water points from a well or spring: kitchen, bathroom, garden taps for watering, washing, etc.
This type of installation is still a good idea when you have a power supply and a water source nearby, especially as the cost per cubic metre of water distributed in this way is modest. Of course, before installing this type of system, it is absolutely essential to ensure that the water available from a well or spring is potable and suitable for domestic consumption (see Individual domestic water treatment article). in this treatise).
It should be added that an individual water supply system can also be used, in part or exclusively, for watering or feeding livestock.
Prices per cubic metre of water distributed by the local Syndicat Communal or national utilities vary enormously (from around 1 F to over 8 F, in 1990).
These considerable differences can be justified by the civil engineering work carried out, the installation of control and automation equipment, and the sterilization devices.
Increased measures to prevent water pollution and safeguard resources mean that the cost of distributed water will continue to rise, confirming the competitiveness of individual systems.
For example, a stand-alone pumping unit equipped with a 0.75 kW motor, capable of delivering a flow rate of 2 m 3 / h and requiring little maintenance, results in modest operating costs of around 0.25 F / m 3 (in 1990), corresponding to the cost of electricity. In this way, the difference with the tariffs charged by the distribution companies can quickly amortize the installation costs.
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