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ABSTRACT
Fuel cells today find applications in a large number of fields. For this, the fuel cell object must first be integrated into a system, which makes it possible to supply the fuel cell with fuel and oxidizer, to shape the electrical energy produced, to manage the heat at the within and around the fuel cell and to ensure the operating conditions of the system via a control/command device.
This article will first present the main characteristics of such a fuel cell system, before focusing on the applications of fuel cells in the field of stationary energy production and in that of ground mobility (personal vehicles, buses, trucks, trains).
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Daniel HISSEL: Professor, Université de Franche-Comté, Institut universitaire de France (IUF), FEMTO-ST, CNRS, Deputy Director, Fédération nationale hydrogène du CNRS
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Michel CASSIR: Professor Emeritus, Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, Institut de recherche de chimie Paris (IRCP), France
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Claude LAMY: Professor Emeritus, Charles Gerhardt Institute (ICGM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, member of France Hydrogène, France
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Gilles TAILLADES: Professor, Director of the Energy Department, Charles Gerhardt Institute (ICGM), CNRS, University of Montpellier, France
INTRODUCTION
Since their invention in 1839, the prospects for commercial development of fuel cells have never been better, thanks to research efforts, strategic choices by major industrial groups and automakers, and a rapidly changing environmental, societal and political context.
The fuel cell as a technological object cannot function alone. It must be associated with other technological objects, often referred to as "auxiliaries", but nonetheless totally indispensable to its operation. This article, as a complement to the three articles to which it is linked, is intended to provide technicians and engineers with the basis for designing such a fuel cell "system", combining the fuel cell core with its operating auxiliaries, with the aim of optimizing the static and dynamic performance of such a system, while preserving its durability and minimizing its investment and operating costs.
Once the fuel cell system has been set up, this article will also describe existing applications in stationary energy production systems, as well as in land mobility - or rather, in land mobility, since the design of these systems can vary depending on the specifications to be met by the hydrogen systems.
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KEYWORDS
fuel cell | Road vehicles | mobilitiies | stationary applications
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