CO2 Capture and Storage and Energy Transition

This article presents the issue of CO ₂ capture and storage, its context and its challenges. In particular, it shows why this technology is key in the context of the energy transition. The power generation and industrial production sectors are currently highly dependent on fossil fuels, whether coal, fuel oil or gas, and are in fact responsible for very significant atmospheric emissions of CO ₂ . Against a backdrop of global warming and the need to limit greenhouse gas emissions, the world economy is gradually turning to decarbonized renewable energy sources. That said, given the current weight of fossil fuels in the energy supply on the one hand, global growth and the need for energy demand on the other, and finally given the time required to deploy these alternative energies, the time needed for the energy transition will be long and will necessarily be spread over many years.

The first part of this article summarizes the environmental, societal and economic context that justifies the interest in CO ₂ capture as part of the energy transition.

The principle of CO ₂ capture, combined with geological storage or industrial recovery, is described in the second part. In particular, it is shown how this technological solution meets the objective of reducing industrial CO ₂ emissions.

The article concludes with a discussion of deployment prospects for this technology.

For a more detailed description of capture solutions, please refer to the following article [BE 8 092] .