Article | REF: BE8091 V1

CO2 Capture and Storage and Energy Transition

Authors: Ludovic RAYNAL, Sina TEBIANIAN

Publication date: May 10, 2020

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ABSTRACT

This article presents the framework of energy demand and world economic growth making the link between the different energy resources, the associated emissions and global warming. Recent political decisions are also reported end energy transition is described, that is a radical change enabling the birth of a low carbon economy. More importantly, this paper describes the CO2 capture/storage/utilization technology in relation to fossil energy consumption. It is shown that, to make energy transition a success, CO2 capture is a very important lever that needs to be activated in synergy with renewable energy development.

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AUTHORS

  • Ludovic RAYNAL: Group Manager, Process Design Department, IFP Énergies nouvelles, Solaize, France

  • Sina TEBIANIAN: Research Engineer, Chemical Engineering and Technologies Department, IFP Énergies nouvelles, Solaize, France

 INTRODUCTION

This article presents the issue of CO 2 capture and storage, its context and its challenges. In particular, it shows why this technology is key in the context of the energy transition. The power generation and industrial production sectors are currently highly dependent on fossil fuels, whether coal, fuel oil or gas, and are in fact responsible for very significant atmospheric emissions of CO 2 . Against a backdrop of global warming and the need to limit greenhouse gas emissions, the world economy is gradually turning to decarbonized renewable energy sources. That said, given the current weight of fossil fuels in the energy supply on the one hand, global growth and the need for energy demand on the other, and finally given the time required to deploy these alternative energies, the time needed for the energy transition will be long and will necessarily be spread over many years.

The first part of this article summarizes the environmental, societal and economic context that justifies the interest in CO 2 capture as part of the energy transition.

The principle of CO 2 capture, combined with geological storage or industrial recovery, is described in the second part. In particular, it is shown how this technological solution meets the objective of reducing industrial CO 2 emissions.

The article concludes with a discussion of deployment prospects for this technology.

For a more detailed description of capture solutions, please refer to the following article [BE 8 092] .

Main acronyms

CCSCarbon Capture and Storage (CO 2 capture and storage)

CCU Carbon Capture and Utilisation

CCUS Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage

EOR Enhanced Oil Recovery

IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

GWP Global Warming Potential

R&I Research and Innovation

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KEYWORDS

global warming   |   CO2 emissions   |   carbon dioxide


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CO2 capture and storage in the context of energy transition