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2. Refrigeration and liquefaction regimes
These two regimes apply to machines with identical structures. As a result, they are often confused. So we need to define and differentiate between them before proceeding.
2.1 Pure refrigeration
This regime corresponds to the recondensation of saturated steam, i.e. the transformation of saturated steam at equilibrium temperature into boiling liquid at the same pressure (figure 2 ). All that needs to be extracted is the amount of energy required to condense the saturated vapour (extracting the latent heat), i.e. 21 J/g. Between 4.4 and 300 K, thermodynamically...
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Refrigeration and liquefaction regimes
Basic thermodynamic cycles
Bibliography
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Software tools
CRYODATA http://www.cryodata.com/
Cryodata develops software for calculating the thermodynamic properties of fluids and solids, with a focus on cryogenic temperatures.
GASPAK calculates 28 thermophysical properties of 36 fluids with boiling points between 4 K and room temperature.
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International conference held every even-numbered year, in Europe or other continents except North America.
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US patent 5 499 505 dated 03/19/1996, Helium refrigerator with compressor control
US patent 5 941 095 dated 08/24/1999, Process for compressing a gas at low temperature and low pressure, corresponding compression line and refrigeration plant.
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Air Liquide Advanced Technology (AL.AT)
Helium liquefiers and refrigerators, helium scrubbers, etc. http://www.airliquideadvancedtechnologies.com/
Linde Kryotechnik AG
Helium liquefiers and refrigerators, helium scrubbers, etc.
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