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1. Operating principle
1.1 Definition of dry direct atmospheric refrigeration
Dry direct atmospheric refrigeration is a process used to remove the heat contained in a hot fluid from a cold sink. The cold sink used in atmospheric refrigeration is the ambient air.
In this so-called direct application, the cold sink exchanges directly with the fluid to be cooled, without the use of an intermediate heat transfer fluid circuit. In addition, refrigeration is described as dry, as the fluid to be cooled cannot be brought into contact with the coolant because of its pressure, toxicity or environmental impact, for example.
It's important to note that atmospheric refrigeration units generally operate in an open circuit, as the...
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Operating principle
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Bibliography
Digital tools
Xace Xchanger air cooler module http://www.htri.net
Suite produced by the Heat Transfer Research Institute
ACOL produced by AspenTech's HTFS https://www.aspentech.com/en/products/pages/aspen-htfs-research-network
...Standards and norms
Main national and international codes
ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineer) Section VII – Division 1 – Appendix 13.
CODAPFrench pressure vessel construction code.
BS (British Standard) English code.
AD-merkblatterGerman code.
UBC (Uniform Building Code) Code defining the loads to be applied to steel...
Regulations
European directives (only applicable to air coolers installed within the European Community)
DM 89/392/EEC – minimum requirements for the protection of persons
PED 97/23/CE – Pressure Equipment Directive – Requirements for pressure equipment in relation to the risk they pose to people
ATEX 94/9/CE and 99/92/CE – Directives for electrical equipment used in potentially...
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GEA Batignolles Technologies Thermiques (France) http://www.btt-nantes.comhttp://www/geagroup.com
Balke Dürr (Germany) http://www.balcke-duerr.de
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