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5. LNG production by floating unit
For many years now, natural gas has been transported in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in LNG tankers, at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of around – 160°C. The LNG is then vaporized under pressure in the receiving terminal.
In 2013, 1,040 billion m 3 of gas were transported, 68% by pipeline and 32% by LNG.
It is not always economical to build a new liquefaction plant on land, and in recent years, following the example of floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) units
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LNG production by floating unit
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Bibliography
Websites
ALLSEAS – Offshore International Contractor http://allseas.com
Colorado Center For Astrodynamic Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Space-based ocean observations https://www.colorado.edu/ccar/research
Gulfbase – Gulf of Mexico...
Events
ISOPE – Annual conference of The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers. Around a thousand papers are presented each year. These papers are peer-reviewed. http://www.isope.org
Offshore Technology Conference – Exhibition and conference held in Houston every year during the first week of May. Over 100,000 people attended in 2014....
Standards and norms
The list below is only a very small sample, arbitrarily limited to those mentioned in the article.
- Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings : NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 Metric/Inch - ANSI/ASME B16.5 - 2013
- Guidelines for Trenching design of submarine pipelines, Trevor Jee - HSE OTH 561 - 1999
- Production Facilities on Offshore structures - API RP 2G - 1974
- Specification for Oil and...
Regulations
SOLAS Safety of Life at Sea, London, IMO (International Maritime Organization)
UNCLOS United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea
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CEDIGAZ, The International Association for Natural Gas
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